FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling) is one of the most popular 3D printing technologies that uses plastic material to build 3D objects. This technology stands out for its simplicity and affordability, making it a preferred choice for beginners and hobby users. Here is a detailed description of FDM printing technology:
Working principle: FDM technology uses a thermoplastic filament (e.g. PLA or ABS) which is fed into an extruder (heating head) of the 3D printer. The filament is heated to melting temperature and brought out on the build platform or previous layer of the model. As the plastic exits the extruder, it rapidly cools and solidifies, allowing the printer to create a new layer of the material. This process is repeated many times until the entire 3D object is built.
Layered structure: One of the main characteristics of FDM technology is that objects are built up layer by layer. This means that the printer builds the bottom surface of the object first, then builds each subsequent layer until the object is complete. With such an approach, it is possible to achieve high detail and accuracy of the model, but some objects may require additional post-printing corrections.
Materials: FDM technology uses a variety of plastic materials. Some of the most popular materials are PLA, ABS, PETG, TPU and others. Each material has its own unique characteristics, such as printing temperature range, strength, flexibility, colors, etc. This allows for a variety of applications and projects.
Precision and speed: FDM technology is well known for its lower cost of 3D printers and high printing speed. However, the accuracy and detail of the print may vary depending on the quality of the printer and the material used. In practice, FDM printers are suitable for a wide range of applications, including prototyping, model making and various objects for home use.
In conclusion, FDM technology is widely used and provides accessibility and convenience to people who wish to create 3D objects with plastic material. This technology is suitable for beginners and hobby users, as well as for professional applications where speed and functionality are required.
